Depth of Field (shallow and wide)

Light (angle and intensity)

Shadows

Diffusion: changing the intensity of the light

Exposure: too light, too dark, or perfect

Aperture (f-stop): how open or close the lens is

Shutter speed: how fast the camera opes or closes, letting the light hit the sensor

ISO: how sensitive the sensor is to light

types of lenses: telephoto, prime, wide angle

news value terms include:
   timelines
   proximity
   conflict
   human interest
   prominence
   impact novelty 

shallow: big opening, little f- stop
ISO: a high ISO makes picture grainy